Friday, November 21, 2025

Sumerian Bread 2700 BC

Infected

Although my forehead scanner never showed a fever, my temperature at the Doctor's office was 100.  My normal is 97 and change.

I still feel sick.   For now I don't feel as bad as the last two days.  Two days ago I had intense shivering.

My doctor thinks that I am fighting a viral infection.  Everybody tells me, "there is stuff going around."   People have told me that either they or a family member have been sick.

I didn't trust the expired COVID tests that I used two days ago.  One of the tests initially showed a solid color on the line that shows that you are infected, but then the line became clear.  This is odd, and in my mind made the test invalid.  This created some confusion on my part as to whether or not I have COVID.

Yesterday I bought a new COVID test that also tests for two kinds of flu.  The results were negative for COVID and the flu.

--


--

Sunday, November 16, 2025

How Does Bent Time Make Gravity?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U_sI9agWmEw

I have a hard time accepting the concept of "space-time." To me, space and time seem like fundamentally different things. We can't move through time the same way we move through space.

The video says that time bends more than space.  The time dilation we experience on the surface of planet Earth is around 0.00000001%.  Is this insignificant bending of time enough to cause 1G acceleration?

General Relativity is a useful model.  But if we follow it blindly, we might be ignoring other possible models.



The Zebra is UNDERRATED

Saturday, November 15, 2025

The Red Kangaroo is TERRIFYING

How Much Caffeine Is in Coffee?

https://www.consumerreports.org/health/caffeine/caffeine-in-coffee-a2519854957/

These figures are higher than I expected.  Roughly 15 years ago I read that a large McDonalds coffee had 180 mg of caffeine, and the small had half of that.  I have been using these figures for large and small coffees ever since.  However, the article lists a large McDonalds coffee at 295 mg and the Dunkin Donuts large coffee is the same.

The values for instant coffee are more than I expected.  I had read figures under 100 mg.  I don't like the taste of instant coffee.

The trouble with calculating the content of home brewed coffee is that it depends upon how much coffee you use.  The labels recommend using more than I actually use.

I twice quit caffeine by phasing it out very slowly.  However, I enjoy drinking my 50% decaf in the morning.  I like how it gives me a boost.  I study chess in the morning, and the coffee gets my brain going.

New pressure method captures 99% of CO2 for just $26 per ton


"In each stage, more of the carbon dioxide bubbles out and can then be compressed for permanent storage in underground formations."

That sounds like a drawback to me.  Underground storage is likely to be expensive, and it may not be truly permanent, since CO₂ could potentially leak out.

I strongly believe it's a shame to waste carbon dioxide.  It's a valuable resource because it acts as plant food, boosts crop yields, and contributes to the greening of deserts.  It also warms the planet slightly.  Before that warming becomes a serious problem, we reportedly will likely run out of fossil fuels — in roughly 125 years.  Most fossil fuels may be depleted by around 2100, and we have only about 50 years of oil reserves left.

Sunday, November 9, 2025

Hardest Part of a Rocket Launch

Shape of a photon

https://www.youtube.com/shorts/Y_Z3vq3l5zU


It seemed questionable to me that photons would have a shape.  Photons are electromagnetic waves.  The picture describes the shape of the wave in a particular circumstance.

If I can make an analogy, the subatomic level is like the surface of a turbulent ocean.  All matter behaves like waves.  Most of what is going on we can't perceive, and we only see the big waves.


No, photons do not have a fixed, measurable volume because they are quantum particles that also behave as waves. While they can be confined to a specific region of space, they are not point-like objects with a defined surface. Instead, their "size" is better understood by their wavelength and frequency or as a probability distribution of where the photon is located. 
Why photons don't have a volume
  • Quantum wave-particle duality: 
    Photons exhibit both wave and particle properties. As a wave, they don't have a discrete volume like a ball but exist as a disturbance in an electromagnetic field. As a particle, they are an elementary excitation of that field, not a point-like object with an intrinsic size. 
  • Probability, not a physical boundary: 
    The "location" of a photon is described by a probability distribution, meaning there isn't a hard edge you can measure. A photon doesn't have a "shell" that occupies a specific space, so you can't measure its volume directly. 
  • Wavelength and frequency: 
    A photon's properties are described by its wavelength and frequency, not its volume. For example, high-frequency photons have a shorter wavelength but are not considered "smaller" in a volumetric sense. 
  • Confined but not a fixed size: 
    While a photon can be confined to a specific region (for instance, in an optical cavity), the photon itself is not what gives the cavity its volume. Instead, a photon with a certain energy can be thought of as existing within that space, much like a wave can exist within a specific area of a pond. 

Tuesday, November 4, 2025

Why Our Solar System Shouldn’t Exist…

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CZfLZ1EoRGk

Reportedly, gas giants can move toward their star in a process called planetary migration. This movement can disrupt the inner planets of a solar system, sometimes even flinging them away from the star. However, the theory is that this didn't happen with Jupiter because Saturn's gravitational pull counteracted its inward drift. As a result, Earth remained in its ideal position—and life was able to develop.  

the wonderful things you learn in your school

Bear in mind that the wonderful things you learn in your schools are the work of many generations. All this is put in your hands as your inheritance in order that you may receive it, honor it, add to it, and one day faithfully hand it on to your children.
- Albert Einstein

Monday, October 27, 2025

Honey - Mayo Clinic

Safety and side effects

Honey is likely safe for use as a natural sweetener, cough suppressant, and topical product for minor sores and wounds.

Avoid giving honey — even a tiny taste — to babies under the age of 1 year. Honey can cause a rare but serious gastrointestinal condition (infant botulism) caused by exposure to Clostridium botulinum spores. Bacteria from the spores can grow and multiply in a baby's intestines, producing a dangerous toxin.

Some people are sensitive or allergic to specific components in honey, particularly bee pollen. Although rare, bee pollen allergies can cause serious, and sometimes fatal, adverse reactions. Signs and symptoms of a reaction include:

Monday, October 20, 2025

Is your Protein Powder safe from Lead?


There are similar issues with dark chocolate, where the California standards are too strict.

The Universe Is Speeding Up...


I get the sense that we don't fully understand how the universe works.  Maybe in 100 years we will have it all figured out.

The next 100,000,000 Years in The Universe

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rvpH-mhdTO0